Kedu ka ụdị GSD na ndị na-ebu ụgbọelu si emetụta izi ezi nke ụdị 3D

N'okwu ikpeazụ Kedu ka isi ihe nchịkwa ala na data PPK si emetụta izi ezi nke ụdị 3D, anyị ekwuola na na mgbakwunye na GCPs na PPK datas, GSD na ụgbọelu drone nwekwara mmetụta ụfọdụ na njedebe ziri ezi nke 3D. model.Ya mere, anyị na-eme ule ọzọ iji nyochaa ya.

Nnwale 1: mmetụta nke GSD na izi ezi nke ụdị 3D;

Ọnọdụ 1

Onye na-ebu drone	Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4 uru	Mba	Mba

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 1:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L1) GSD=2cm	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) GSD=1.5cm	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.210	7.18	7.20	0,030	0.010
	8.706	8.69	8.65	0.016	0,056
	10.961	10.89	10.90	0.071	0.061
2	7.010	6.88	6.86	0.130	0.150
3	1.822	1.76	1.76	0.062	0.062
4	10.410	10.38	10.37	0,030	0,040
5	10.718	10.65	10.68	0.068	0,038
6	13,787	13.72	13.71	0.067	0,077
7	11.404	11.41	11.38	-0.006	0.024
	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.017	0.027
8	7.526	7.44	7.49	0.086	0.036
	13,797	13.83	13.77	-0.033	0.027
9	10,374	10.35	10.35	0.024	0.024
10	2.109	1.98	2.09	0.129	0.019
	4.281	4.14	4.19	0.141	0.091
11	14.675	14.55	14.64	0.125	0,035
	8.600	8.58	8.57	0.020	0,030
12	13.394	13.36	13.38	0.034	0.014
13	12.940	12.95	12.91	-0.010	0,030
14	7.190	7.21	7.20	-0.020	-0.010
15	13.371	13.36	13.38	0.011	-0.009
	6,435	6.37	6.43	0.065	0,005
16	3,742	3.74	3.70	0,002	0.042
17	6.022	6.03	5.99	-0.008	0.032
18	3,937	3.91	3.94	0.027	-0.003
19	8.120	8.09	8.12	0,030	0,000
	14.411	14.40	14.37	0.011	0.041
20	6.077	6.06	6.04	0.017	0,037
21	13.696	13.68	13.65	0.016	0.046
RMSE: DS1=0.0397m,DS2=0.0356m

Ọnọdụ 2

Onye na-ebu drone	Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4 uru	Ee	Mba

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 2:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L1) GSD=2cm	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) GSD=1.5cm	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.210	7.18	7.21	0,030	0
	8.706	8.68	8.68	0.026	0.026
	10.961	10.91	10.87	0,051	0.091
2	7.010	6.92	6.88	0.090	0.13
3	1.822	1.79	1.76	0.032	0.062
4	10.410	10.39	10.38	0.020	0.03
5	10.718	10.66	10.72	0,058	-0.002
6	13,787	13.77	13.79	0.017	-0.003
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.024
	12.147	12.12	12.13	0.027	0.017
8	7.526	7.47	7.53	0,056	-0.004
	13,797	13.83	13.78	-0.033	0.017
9	10,374	10.34	10.37	0.034	0.004
10	2.109	2.03	2.11	0,079	-0.001
	4.281	4.18	4.28	0.101	0.001
11	14.675	14.59	14.67	0.085	0,005
	8.600	8.57	8.58	0,030	0.02
12	13.394	13.35	13.39	0.044	0.004
13	12.940	12.92	12.9	0.020	0.04
14	7.190	7.21	7.19	-0.020	0
15	13.371	13.36	13.37	0.011	0.001
	6,435	6.43	6.42	0,005	0.015
16	3,742	3.72	3.7	0.022	0.042
17	6.022	6.00	5.98	0.022	0.042
18	3,937	3.94	3.91	-0.003	0.027
19	8.120	8.09	8.07	0,030	0.05
	14.411	14.41	14.38	0.001	0.031
20	6.077	6.03	6.04	0,047	0,037
21	13.696	13.65	13.65	0.046	0.046
RMSE: DS1=0.0328m,DS2=0.0259m

Ọnọdụ 3

Onye na-ebu drone	Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4 uru	Mba	EE

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 3:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L1) GSD=2cm	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) GSD=1.5cm	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.210	7.20	7.20	0.01	0.01
	8.706	8.71	8.69	0.00	0.02
	10.961	10.87	10.88	0.09	0.08
2	7.010	6.89	6.87	0.12	0.14
3	1.822	1.79	1.75	0.03	0.07
4	10.410	10.39	10.38	0.02	0.03
5	10.718	10.67	10.69	0.05	0.03
6	13,787	13.75	13.78	0.04	0.01
7	11.404	11.39	11.38	0.01	0.02
	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.02	0.03
8	7.526	7.51	7.49	0.02	0.04
	13,797	13.79	13.78	0.01	0.02
9	10,374	10.35	10.34	0.02	0.03
10	2.109	2.03	2.02	0.08	0.09
	4.281	4.15	4.21	0.13	0.07
11	14.675	14.61	14.65	0.07	0.03
	8.600	8.60	8.57	0.00	0.03
12	13.394	13.37	13.40	0.02	-0.01
13	12.940	12.88	12.89	0.06	0.05
14	7.190	7.20	7.18	-0.01	0.01
15	13.371	13.36	13.38	0.01	-0.01
	6,435	6.40	6.46	0.03	-0.03
16	3,742	3.75	3.75	-0.01	-0.01
17	6.022	5.97	5.97	0.05	0.05
18	3,937	3.93	3.91	0.01	0.03
19	8.120	8.10	8.08	0.02	0.04
	14.411	14.40	14.38	0.01	0.03
20	6.077	6.04	6.05	0.04	0.03
21	13.696	13.65	13.67	0.05	0.03
RMSE: DS1=0.0342m,DS2=0.0328m

Ọnọdụ 4

Onye na-ebu drone	Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK
CW10 VTOL	DG4 uru	EE	EE

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 4:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L1) GSD=2cm	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) GSD=1.5cm	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.21	7.21	7.21	0.00	0.00
	8.706	8.68	8.7	0.03	0.01
	10.961	10.90	10.89	0.06	0.07
2	7.01	6.98	6.99	0.03	0.02
3	1.822	1.80	1.78	0.02	0.04
4	10.41	10.40	10.39	0.01	0.02
5	10.718	10.70	10.69	0.02	0.03
6	13,787	13.77	13.76	0.02	0.03
7	11.404	11.39	11.39	0.01	0.01
7	12.147	12.13	12.12	0.02	0.03
8	7.526	7.49	7.51	0.04	0.02
8	13,797	13.81	13.8	-0.01	0.00
9	10,374	10.36	10.35	0.01	0.02
10	2.109	2.02	2.11	0.09	0.00
10	4.281	4.16	4.28	0.12	0.00
11	14.675	14.66	14.68	0.02	0.00
11	8.6	8.54	8.53	0.06	0.07
12	13.394	13.35	13.37	0.04	0.02
13	12.94	12.89	12.91	0.05	0.03
14	7.19	7.18	7.2	0.01	-0.01
15	13.371	13.35	13.35	0.02	0.02
15	6,435	6.41	6.4	0.02	0.03
16	3,742	3.72	3.71	0.02	0.03
17	6.022	5.98	5.98	0.04	0.04
18	3,937	3.89	3.89	0.05	0.05
19	8.12	8.12	8.1	0.00	0.02
19	14.411	14.40	14.39	0.01	0.02
20	6.077	6.03	6.03	0.05	0.05
21	13.696	13.66	13.64	0.04	0.06
RMSE: DS1 = 0.0308m, DS2=0.0249m

Mkpebi

Ụdị mgbanwe nke nnwale 1 bụ:

1: Na / enweghị data PPK.

2: Na / enweghị GCPs.

3: GSD dị iche iche: 1.5 cm ma ọ bụ 2cm

Mgbe nyochachara usoro nnwale nnwale ahụ, anyị nwere ike nweta nkwubi okwu ndị a:

Mgbe igwefoto oblique bụ DG4Pros:

(1) Na / na-enweghị ebe nchịkwa ala (GCP) na data PPK na-etinye aka na AT triangulation, ma ọ bụ VTOL ma ọ bụ multi-rotor drone, ma GSD bụ 2cm ma ọ bụ 1.5cm, ụdị 3D wuru site na igwefoto oblique DG4Pros. nwere ike imezu ihe achọrọ nke njehie ikwu ziri ezi Ds≤10cm (N'ezie ≤5cm).

(2) Mgbe GSD bụ otu mgbanwe, izi ezi nke ụdị 3D nwere GSD=1.5cm dị mma karịa nke ahụ GSD=2cm.

Nnwale 2: mmetụta nke ụdị ndị na-ebu ụgbọ mmiri na izi ezi nke ụdị 3D

Ọnọdụ 1

Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK	GSD
DG4 uru	Mba	Mba	1.5cm

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 1:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ụdị 3D (L1) CW10	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) M600Pro	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.21	7.20	7.19	0.010	0.02
	8.706	8.65	8.70	0,056	0.01
	10.961	10.90	10.91	0.061	0.05
2	7.01	6.86	6.98	0.150	0.03
3	1.822	1.76	1.79	0.062	0.03
4	10.41	10.37	10.39	0,040	0.02
5	10.718	10.68	10.69	0,038	0.03
6	13,787	13.71	13.76	0,077	0.03
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.02
	12.147	12.12	12.12	0.027	0.03
8	7.526	7.49	7.50	0.036	0.03
	13,797	13.77	13.77	0.027	0.03
9	10,374	10.35	10.33	0.024	0.04
10	2.109	2.09	2.02	0.019	0.09
	4.281	4.19	4.20	0.091	0.08
11	14.675	14.64	14.65	0,035	0.03
	8.6	8.57	8.57	0,030	0.03
12	13.394	13.38	13.35	0.014	0.04
13	12.94	12.91	12.92	0,030	0.02
14	7.19	7.20	7.17	-0.010	0.02
15	13.371	13.38	13.35	-0.009	0.02
	6,435	6.43	6.41	0,005	0.02
16	3,742	3.70	3.70	0.042	0.04
17	6.022	5.99	5.99	0.032	0.03
18	3,937	3.94	3.89	-0.003	0.05
19	8.12	8.12	8.08	0,000	0.04
	14.411	14.37	14.36	0.041	0.05
20	6.077	6.04	6.06	0,037	0.02
21	13.696	13.65	13.65	0.046	0.05
RMSE: DS1=0.0356m,DS2=0.342m

Ọnọdụ 2

Igwefoto oblique	Ndị GCP	PPK	GSD
DG4 uru	EE	Mba	1.5cm

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 2:

Ọnụọgụ ihe	ogologo nha (L0)	Ogologo ụdị 3D (L1) CW10	Ogologo ihe nlereanya 3D (L2) M600Pro	DS1 (L0-L1)	DS2 (L0-L2)
1	7.21	7.21	7.21	0	0.00
	8.706	8.68	8.70	0.026	0.01
	10.961	10.87	10.91	0.091	0.05
2	7.01	6.88	6.98	0.13	0.03
3	1.822	1.76	1.80	0.062	0.02
4	10.41	10.38	10.39	0.03	0.02
5	10.718	10.72	10.70	-0.002	0.02
6	13,787	13.79	13.75	-0.003	0.04
7	11.404	11.38	11.38	0.024	0.02
	12.147	12.13	12.13	0.017	0.02
8	7.526	7.53	7.49	-0.004	0.04
	13,797	13.78	13.79	0.017	0.01
9	10,374	10.37	10.35	0.004	0.02
10	2.109	2.11	2.07	-0.001	0.04
	4.281	4.28	4.21	0.001	0.07
11	14.675	14.67	14.66	0,005	0.02
	8.6	8.58	8.57	0.02	0.03
12	13.394	13.39	13.35	0.004	0.04
13	12.94	12.9	12.93	0.04	0.01
14	7.19	7.19	7.18	0	0.01
15	13.371	13.37	13.36	0.001	0.01
	6,435	6.42	6.42	0.015	0.01
16	3,742	3.7	3.71	0.042	0.03
17	6.022	5.98	6.00	0.042	0.02
18	3,937	3.91	3.91	0.027	0.03
19	8.12	8.07	8.10	0.05	0.02
	14.411	14.38	14.35	0.031	0.06
20	6.077	6.04	6.06	0,037	0.02
21	13.696	13.65	13.67	0.046	0.03
RMSE: DS1=0.0259m,DS2=0.256m

Mkpebi

Ụdị mgbanwe nke nnwale 2 bụ:

1: Na / enweghị GCPs.

2: Drone dị iche iche: VTOL drone ma ọ bụ drone multi-rotor

Mgbe nyochachara usoro nnwale nnwale abụọ ahụ, anyị nwere ike nweta nkwubi okwu ndị a:

Mgbe igwefoto oblique bụ DG4Pros:

(1) Na / na-enweghị ebe nchịkwa ala (GCP) ma ọ bụ VTOL ma ọ bụ multi-rotor drone, ụdị 3D nke igwefoto oblique wuru DG4Pros nwere ike izute ihe ndị chọrọ nke njehie ikwu ziri ezi Ds≤10cm (N'ezie ≤5cm).

(2) Mgbe ụdị ndị na-ebu ụgbọ mmiri bụ otu mgbanwe, izi ezi nke ụdị 3D nwere multi-rotor dị mma karịa nke VTOL, mana ọdịiche ahụ abụghị nnukwu.

Nke gara aga:Kedu ka ogologo ntụsara ụkwụ si emetụta nsonaazụ nhazi 3D

Osote:Mkpughe mmekọrịta

laghachi

Igwefoto RIY oblique

Igwefoto otu oghere RIE

Ngwa ngwa

Ọkachamara

Mma karịa Mkpa ọkụ

Chekwa oge

Mụta ịrụ ọrụ n'ime nkeji iri

Ogo onyonyo dị elu yana nke ziri ezi

Mkpughe mmekọrịta

siri ike yana nchekwa

Enwere ike ijikọ ya na ọtụtụ ụdị drones

Nnyocha/GIS

Obodo Smart

Ihe owuwu / Ngwuputa ihe

Njem nlegharị anya/nchekwa ụlọ ochie

Ndị agha/Ndị uwe ojii

Akụkọ

Nnwale 1: mmetụta nke GSD na izi ezi nke ụdị 3D;

Ọnọdụ 1

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 1:

Ọnọdụ 2

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 2:

Ọnọdụ 3

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 3:

Ọnọdụ 4

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 4:

Mkpebi

Nnwale 2: mmetụta nke ụdị ndị na-ebu ụgbọ mmiri na izi ezi nke ụdị 3D

Ọnọdụ 1

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 1:

Ọnọdụ 2

Nsonaazụ Tebụl 2:

Mkpebi

Ngwaahịa+

Ngwa+

Akụkọ+

Gbasara Anyị+

KPỌTỤRỤ ANYỊ